Our Curious Amalgam

The 2024 edition of the ABA Antitrust Law Section?s Spring Meeting in Washington, D.C., offered the Our Curious Amalgam team a chance to speak with competition law regulators from around the world. While on site at the meeting, we sat down with several of them to discuss their enforcement priorities and other issues, while also getting to know them a little better as people. This episode features interviews conducted by three of our OCA hosts. First, Anora Wang discovers what's happening in France with Benoît C?uré, the president of the French Competition Authority. Next, Jeny Maier speaks with Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, the president of the Portugese Competition Authority, about his agency's competition enforcement priorities, as well as sightseeing recommendations for Jeny's upcoming visit to Portugal. And finally, Barry Nigro hears about what's going on in Poland with Martyna Derszniak-Noirjean Director of the International Cooperation Office of the Polish Office of Competition and Consumer Protection.

With special guests:

Benoît C?uré, President, Autorité de la concurrence (France), Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, President, Autoridade da Concorrência (Portugal), and Martyna Derszniak-Noirjean, Director, International Cooperation Office, Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (Poland)

Related Links:

Autorité de la concurrence (France)

Autoridade da Concorrência (Portugal)

Office of Competition and Consumer Protection (Poland)

Hosted by:

Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, Jeny Maier, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP, and Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP

The 2024 Spring Meeting of the ABA Antitrust Law Section offered the Our Curious Amalgam team a chance to speak with competition law enforcers from around the world. In this episode, host Matthew Hall asks Olivier Guersent, Director-General of the Directorate-General for Competition of the European Commission (DG COMP), about what?s been happening in the European Union since we interviewed him at the 2023 Spring Meeting. Listen and learn about DG COMP?s current and recent work and what competition law policy and enforcement trends the Director-General sees on the horizon.

With special guest:

Olivier Guersent, Director-General, Directorate-General for Competition, European Commission

Related Links:

European Commission DG COMP website
2023 Spring Meeting interview with Olivier Guersent
2022 Spring Meeting interview with Olivier Guersent

Hosted by:

Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

The UN General Assembly has entrusted UNCTAD (now rebranded as UN Trade and Development) to be the focal point within the UN on competition and consumer protection issues. How does UN Trade and Development implement this role? Teresa Moreira, Head of the Competition and Consumer Policies Branch (CCPB) at UN Trade and Development, joins Alicia Downey and Matthew Hall to discuss the work of the CCPB, including its focus on developing countries and its working groups and specific projects. Listen to this episode to learn more about UN Trade and Development's work promoting, reinforcing and advising on competition and consumer protection law and policies in support of its overall goal to help developing countries meet the Sustainable Development Goals set by the UN General Assembly in 2015.

With special guest:

Teresa Moreira, Head, Competition and Consumer Policies Branch, United Nations Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

Related Links:

UNCTAD website

Competition and Consumer Protection Branch website

Global competition law and policy approaches to digital markets (March 2024)

Consumer dispute resolution in the world (March 2024)

UNCTAD model law on competition after 30 years: some reflections (Feb 2024)

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

Many practitioners wonder what it would be like to be an academic, diving deeply into the leading international legal and policy issues at the forefront of antitrust and competition law. But what does an academic researcher do all day? Natalia Moreno Belloso, one of the ABA Antitrust Law Section's International Scholars-in-Residence, joins Jeny Maier and Anora Wang to discuss her research on conflicts between competition values and non-competition values in digital markets. Listen to this episode if you want to learn more about the life of an academic researcher and the latest trends in digital market regulation.

With special guest:

Natalia Moreno Belloso, European University Institute

Related Links:

The EU Digital Markets Act (DMA): A Competition Hand in a Regulatory Glove

Hosted by:

Jeny Maier, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

On March 21, 2024, the United States Department of Justice and sixteen Attorneys General sued Apple, alleging that ?Apple undermines apps, products, and services that would otherwise make users less reliant on the iPhone, promote interoperability, and lower costs for consumers and developers.? In other words, many of the DOJ and AGs? allegations boil down to lock in - that is that the features chosen by Apple lock in developers and users to stay in Apple?s ecosystem by making it harder to switch or jump between platforms. We discuss the case and the claims advanced, and what it might mean for antitrust enforcement, tech, and consumer experiences.

With special guest:

Stephen Calkins, Professor of Law, Wayne State University Law School

Related Links:

U.S. v. Apple Complaint

Assistant Attorney General Jonathan Kanter Remarks on Complaint

Steve Calkins' Guide to Classical Music Concerts

Hosted by:

Jana Seidl, Baker Botts LLP and Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP

The EU Digital Markets Act introduces a radical change to regulation of the digital sector in the EU. But what does it require and what have the designated "gatekeepers" been doing to ensure compliance? Aleksandra Zuchowska, Competition Policy Manager at CCIA in Brussels, appearing in her personal capacity, joins Matthew Reynolds and Matthew Hall to discuss the DMA and its impact. Listen to this episode to learn more about the principles underpinning the DMA, its requirements, the compliance steps being taken, the act's impact on choice, innovation and online safety, the compliance workshops in Brussels and next steps.

With special guest:

Aleksandra Zuchowska, Competition Policy Manager, Computer & Communications Industry Association, Brussels (personal capacity)

Related Links:

CCIA Europe blog post on DMA and innovation/user-experience issues
CCIA Europe blog post on DMA enforcement
European Commission DMA webpage
European Commission non-compliance investigation press release
European Commission compliance day press release

Hosted by:

Matthew Reynolds, Huth Reynolds LLP and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

Anyone with a phone number understands how annoying it is to receive unsolicited promotional voice calls and text messages. For that reason, telemarketing and telephone sales practices in the U.S. are regulated by decades-old federal and state consumer protection laws, which permit private rights of action by consumers for minimum statutory damages that can total hundreds of dollars per violation, such as when a call or text is made to a phone number listed on the National Do-Not-Call Registry. But are these laws too harsh on legitimate businesses communicating with their customers? How well do these 1990s-era laws address emerging communication technologies? In this episode, hosts Alicia Downey and Derek Jackson speak with Kelley, Drye & Warren partner Becca Wahlquist about these issues and recent developments in the law governing telemarketing to consumers. Learn about the challenges that businesses face in complying with a complex and evolving scheme of federal and state legislation and rules restricting telephone communications with consumers.

With special guest:

Becca Wahlquist, Partner, Kelley, Drye & Warren LLP

Related Links:

Becca Wahlquist & Nathan Jamieson, Developments in Telephone Consumer Protection Act Law After Duguid v. Facebook, Antitrust Magazine (ABA Antitrust Law Section Summer 2022)

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Derek Jackson, Cohen & Gresser LLP

The antitrust law bubble, particularly in the U.S., has in recent years focussed on the mantra of promoting efficiency above all else. In the age of the global polycrisis and increasing corporate concentration and power in numerous sectors, should this bubble be popped? Dr Cristina Caffarra, leading competition economist, joins Barry Nigro and Matthew Hall to discuss the wider issues antitrust and competition law enforcement should be considering, which was the focus of a January 2024 Brussels conference described as the "Anti-Davos" and "Woodstock of Antitrust". Listen to this episode to learn more about the "Antitrust, Regulation, and the Next World Order" conference led by Dr Caffarra, why antitrust law should be taking a wider approach than efficiency and narrow consumer welfare and the links with trade and industrial policy.

With special guest:

Cristina Caffarra, University College London, CEPR Competition RPN

Related Links:

Cristina Caffarra article in CPI Columns Europe February 2024 (source: CPI)
Cristina Caffarra article part 1 in VoxEU (CEPR) January 2024 (source: VoxEU)
Cristina Caffarra article part 2 in VoxEU (CEPR) January 2024 (source: VoxEU)
Cristina Caffarra article in VoxEU (CEPR) March 2024 (source: VoxEU)
Angus Deaton article "Rethinking My Economics" March 2024 (source: IMF)
Politico article on Antitrust, Regulation, and the Next World Order conference February 2024 (source: Politico)
The Capitol Forum article on Antitrust, Regulation, and the Next World Order conference February 2024 (source: The Capitol Forum)
Cristina Caffarra speaking notes Antitrust, Regulation, and the Next World Order conference January 2024 (source: ofthewedge.com)

Hosted by:

Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

Many companies already use or are introducing "pay or OK" models for targeted ads on the Internet. What legal issues does this raise in the EU? Frithjof Michaelsen, Digital Policy Officer at UFC-Que Choisir, the French Federation of Consumer Associations, joins Matthew Reynolds and Matthew Hall to discuss Meta's introduction of pay or OK, otherwise known as pay or consent, on its Facebook and Instagram platforms in the EU, the relevant law and the implications of this for the wider adtech ecosystem. Listen to this episode to learn more about the application of EU consumer and data protection rules and the EU Digital Markets Act to this model.

With special guest:

Frithjof Michaelsen, Digital Policy Officer, UFC-Que Choisir (France)

Related Links:

"Choose to lose with Meta" document; BEUC?s assessment of Meta?s subscription model (pay or OK) from a consumer law perspective (source: European Data Protection Board)

BEUC "Choose to Lose With Meta" webpage (source: European Data Protection Board)

BEUC Press Release "Consumer groups file complaint against Meta?s unfair pay-or-consent model" (source: European Data Protection Board)

Timeline of Meta and GDPR (source: European Data Protection Board)

NOYB GDPR Withdrawal Complaint (source: noyb.eu)

NOYB GDPR Pay or OK Complaint (source: noyb.eu)

NOYB Press Release "Instagram & Facebook: 28 civil rights organisations urge European DPAs to reject ?Pay or Okay? in pending case over ? 250 ?privacy fee?" (source: noyb.eu)

EU Digital Markets Act (source: European Commission)

BEUC and EU consumer group complaints against Meta under EU GDPR February 2024

Hosted by:

Matthew Reynolds, Huth Reynolds LLP and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

It's often said that patent protection rewards innovation and benefits consumers. But are there competition law issues with having "too many" patents? Kate Swisher, an antitrust litigator at White & Case, joins co-hosts Alicia Downey and Lijun Zhang to discuss the tension between patent law and antitrust law in the context of so-called "patent thickets," particularly in the pharmaceutical industry. Listen to this episode to learn how courts are treating claims that obtaining a large number of patents for a single product may be an anticompetitive practice.

With special guest:

Kate Swisher, White & Case LLP

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Lijun Zhang, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP

The U.S. federal district courts have magistrate judges who are appointed to assist the district court judges and generally oversee first appearances of criminal defendants, set bail, and conduct other administrative duties. But is the role of a magistrate judge different across districts? In a district like Eastern District of Virginia where the trial docket is so fast that it earned the nickname as a ?Rocket Docket,? a magistrate judge can make important decisions and have a great impact on the cases there. Judge Lindsey Vaala, the first magistrate judge interviewed by our program, and a long-time active member of the ABA Antitrust Law Section, speaks with Anora Wang and Melissa Maxman on her previous career as an antitrust litigator, her path to the bench, and to the extent that she can speak, her views on current antitrust issues.

With special guest:

The Honorable Judge Lindsey R. Vaala, Magistrate Judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia

Related Links:

Magistrate Judge Lindsey Vaala Appointment Announcement Nov 2022

Hosted by:

Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP and Melissa H. Maxman, Cohen & Gresser LLP

The US antitrust agencies' approach to merger remedies has undergone a significant change under the Biden administration. Remedies are increasingly disfavored. In this episode, Dan Ducore, former Assistant Director of the Federal Trade Commission's Bureau of Competition Compliance Division, joins Barry Nigro and Jeny Maier to discuss the growing skepticism towards merger remedies by the US antitrust authorities. Listen to this episode to learn more about whether merger remedies remain a viable option in the US and, if so, how parties should approach them given the government?s current hostility toward remedies.

With special guest:

Dan Ducore, former Assistant Director of the Federal Trade Commission's Bureau of Competition Compliance Division

Related Links:

Daniel P. Ducore, "Negotiating Remedies: A Perspective from Various Agencies," Global Competition Review (October 2023)

Hosted by:

Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP and Jeny Maier, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP

When are MFNs good and when are they bad? A "most favored nation" (MFN) price requirement ensures that a buyer receives the lowest price that a seller is offering to other buyers. Under U.S. antitrust law, such MFNs are typically viewed as a procompetitive outcome of price bargaining between parties. But recently, the use of MFNs by Amazon's internet retailing platform has been challenged as an anticompetitive business practice. In this episode, Alicia Downey and Barry Nigro talk to economist Tasneem Chipty about the potential competition concerns raised by MFNs generally and platform MFNs specifically. Listen and learn in what circumstances most favored nation requirements might raise antitrust red flags.

With special guest:

Tasneem Chipty, Managing Principal, Chipty Economics

Related Links:

Tasneem Chipty, "Platform MFNs: Can Asking for the Lowest Price Discourage Competition?", Pricing Conduct Committee Newsletter (ABA Antitrust Law Section Jan. 9. 2024)

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP

Large amounts of information are collected during merger control and behavioural competition law investigations. What are the personal data protection issues raised? Dan Rupprecht, Director for Europe of iDiscovery Solutions, joins Aaron Yeater and Matthew Hall to discuss the differences between these two types of investigations, why and how the EU/UK and U.S. approaches differ in this area, the technology that is used and the future. Listen to this episode to learn more about protection of personal data when working in these areas.

With special guest:

Dan Rupprecht, Director for Europe, iDiscovery Solutions

Related Links:

European Commission data protection (GDPR)
UK GDPR

Hosted by:

Aaron Yeater, Analysis Group, Inc. and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

In recent years competition agencies in several jurisdictions have undertaken studies to assess the state of competition within their borders. Canada now joins the list. In this episode, co-hosts Alicia Downey and Barry Nigro speak with economist Matthew Osborne about the Canadian Bureau of Competition?s 2023 report, ?Competition in Canada from 2000 to 2020: An Economy at a Crossroads.? Listen to this episode to learn about how Matthew and his team analyzed competition across the Canadian economy during a critical decade.

With special guest:

Matthew Osborne, University of Toronto Mississauga

Related Links:

Competition in Canada from 2000 to 2020: An Economy at a Crossroads

More about Matthew Osborne

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP

The UK merger control system provides for voluntary filings but that does not mean parties to deals can hide from the regulator, the UK Competition and Markets Authority (CMA). But how does the CMA's Mergers Intelligence Committee (MIC) identify deals to ask about and review the informal briefing papers which can be submitted by parties hoping to avoid a full filing? Eleni Gouliou, a Director of Mergers at the CMA, who has chaired MIC, joins Anora Wang and Matthew Hall to discuss the work of MIC and its place within the CMA's merger review processes. Listen to this episode to learn more about this area of the CMA's merger control work, which is increasingly important now that the UK is outside the EU merger control regime.

With special guest:

Eleni Gouliou, Director of Mergers, UK Competition and Markets Authority

Related Links:

UK Competition and Markets Authority "Guidance on the CMA's mergers intelligence function" (December 2020)
UK Competition and Markets Authority merger inquiry outcome statistics

Hosted by:

Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

The interplay between patent law and competition law has been a consistent focus for the antitrust agencies over the years, most notably in the pharmaceutical sector between brand and generic drugs. But will the FTC take a new approach to dealing with branded drug company patents listed in the FDA's "Orange Book"? Mika Ikeda, Competition Counsel at Johnson & Johnson joins Jaclyn Phillips and Jeny Maier to discuss the FTC's historical interest in Orange Book listings and what actions the agency may take in the future. Listen to this episode to learn more about FTC policy related to competition in drug markets, and why the "Orange Book" is orange!

With special guest:

Mika Ikeda, Senior Counsel, Competition Law, Johnson & Johnson

Related Links:

Federal Trade Commission Statement Concerning Brand Drug Manufacturers?
Improper Listing of Patents in the Orange Book (Sept. 14, 2023)

Hosted by:

Jaclyn Phillips, White & Case LLP and Jeny Maier, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP

The hype around cryptocurrency is at an all-time high, as the industry makes a major push to go mainstream. But is it all a giant pump-and-dump scheme? Software engineer and celebrated crypto critic Molly White and the SEC's Associate Director of Enforcement Carolyn Welshhans join Anant Raut and Aaron Yeater for a braintwister of a discussion on such topics as what is money; if blockchain is so secure how does so much crypto keep getting stolen; and is crypto a giant scam. Listen to this episode to learn more about whether ordinary investors will be left holding the bag when the crypto bros cash out.

With special guests:

Molly White, Software Engineer and Founder, Web3 is Going Just Great and Carolyn Welshhans, Associate Director of the Division of Enforcement, Securities and Exchange Commission

Related Links:

Web 3 is Going Just Great

Hosted by:

Anant Raut and Aaron Yeater, Analysis Group, Inc.

Self-preferencing by digital platforms has become ubiquitous in today's antitrust discourse. But has enough focus been put on economic analysis to understand the procompetitive benefits of self-preferencing conduct? Emilie Feyler and Dr. Veronica Postal, Senior Consultants at NERA Economic Consulting, speak with Jaclyn Phillips and Barry Nigro about their assessment of the economic literature on self-preferencing. Listen to this episode to learn more about what the empirical research has to say and if there are still gaps to fill.

With special guests:

Emilie Feyler, Senior Consultant, NERA Economic Consulting and Dr. Veronica Postal, Senior Consultant, NERA Economic Consulting

Related Links:

Can Self-Preferencing Algorithms Be Procompetitive?

Hosted by:

Jaclyn Phillips, White & Case LLP and Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP

In the early 1980s, a group of Vietnamese fisherman on the gulf coast of Texas teamed up with the Southern Poverty Law Center to mount a heroic legal challenge to the Ku Klux Klan. How did antitrust law play a role in this important civil rights case? Charles Moore joins co-hosts Derek Jackson and Alicia Downey to talk about the Section's Diversity.Advanced Committee's upcoming reenactment of the court proceedings, the historical use of antitrust law in cases of violence or threats against competitors, and the potential for new cases in this area. Listen to this episode to learn about the antitrust issues that arose in a milestone case in American legal history.

With special guest:

Charles Moore, White & Case LLP

Related Links:

Preliminary injunction decision

Permanent injunction decision

Houston Public Media, I See U Podcast, Episode 9: Vietnamese Fishermen v. the KKK

Andrew Chin, University of North Carolina, The KKK and the Vietnamese Fishermen

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Derek Jackson, Cohen & Gresser LLP

The online gaming industry has been the subject of legal challenges in the antitrust and consumer protection arenas. So Player One, are you ready to hear about the legal issues to consider in this rapidly advancing sector? Josh Grant, video gaming expert with more than two decades of experience in the industry, joins Alicia Downey and Anant Raut to discuss the evolution of video gaming and how that has contributed to current antitrust and consumer protection issues. Listen to this episode to learn more about the intersection of online gaming, antitrust, and consumer protection.

With special guest:

Josh Grant

Related Links:

An Expert?s Look at the Current Gaming Landscape and Potential Disputes in 2023

What?s Next for Microsoft and Activision?s Antitrust Battle After EU and UK Decisions

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Anant Raut

The European Commission's recent decision to block Booking?s proposed acquisition of eTraveli is unprecedented and even controversial to some. How should we understand the EC's concerns? Eliana Garces, Senior Advisor with Analysis Group, joins Matthew Hall and Jaclyn Phillips to discuss the EC's theories of harm. Listen to this episode for an economist's take on the EC's analysis and how we should think about it more generally.

With special guest:

Eliana Garces, Senior Advisor, Analysis Group

Hosted by:

Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP and Jaclyn Phillips, White & Case LLP

Gender differences are often overlooked when conducting competition law analysis. How should gender impact the work of competition regulators? Lynn Robertson, Competition Expert at the OECD's Competition Policy Division and co-author of the OECD's Gender Inclusive Competition Toolkit, joins Alicia Downey and Matthew Hall to discuss the Toolkit project. Listen to this episode to learn more about the background to the project, the key insights and findings set out in the Toolkit and the OECD's future work in this area.

With special guest:

Lynn Robertson, Competition Expert, Competition Policy Division, Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs, OECD

Related Links:

OECD Gender Inclusive Competition Toolkit

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Principal, Downey Law LLC and Matthew Hall, Partner, McGuireWoods London LLP

Our Curious Amalgam is celebrating its 250th episode by hosting a family reunion! In this episode, former and current regular hosts Alicia Downey, Anora Wang, Matthew Hall, Christina Ma, Anant Raut, and Sergei Zaslavsky highlight the some of the Top 5 most listened-to episodes, year by year, since OCA first launched in 2019. In addition to looking back at the most popular episodes, we talk about undiscovered gems in the archives and the most important legal trends and developments that have occurred since Episode #1. Listen to this episode for a special look back at the greatest hits of Our Curious Amalgam and discover how they are still relevant today.

With special guests:

Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods LLP, Christina Ma, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, Anant Raut, Trust & Trade and Sergei Zaslavsky, O'Melveny & Myers LLP

Related Links:

Trust and Trade

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

Are you curious about issues related to competition and geopolitical concerns in the global semiconductor sector? In this episode, Barry Nigro and Alicia Downey talk to Arnold & Porter partner David Emanuelson, formerly in-house M&A counsel for Intel Corporation, about how the Chinese government's State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) approaches merger clearance. Listen to this episode to learn about the geopolitical pressures on the semiconductor industry and what antitrust counsel can do to improve the chances of getting a deal cleared in China.

With special guest:

David Emanuelson, Arnold & Porter

Related Links:

David Emanuelson & Danielle Drory, "The Potential Chilling Effects of Lowering Standards for Tech M&A Enforcement," 34 Antitrust 14 (2020)

Hosted by:

Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP and Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC

For decades, Section 8 of the Clayton Act--which prohibits two competing corporations from sharing a common director--was rarely enforced by the U.S. antitrust agencies, and corporations were for the most part left to regulate themselves. In this episode, Alicia Downey and Sergei Zaslavsky talk to antitrust practitioner Diane Hazel about how the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission have recently been focusing a lot more attention on identifying Section 8 violations based on an expansive view of the scope of the statute. Listen to this episode to learn about recent enforcement trends and what companies can do to avoid potentially unlawful interlocking directorates.

With special guest:

Diane Hazel, Foley & Lardner LLP

Related Links:

Benjamin R. Dryden, Diane Hazel & Richard L. Flannery, An Analysis of the ?Deputization? Theory of Section 8 of the Clayton Act, Antitrust Source (August 31, 2023)

Diane Hazel, Richard L. Flannery & Benjamin R. Dryden, How To Assess Interlocking Directorates In Antitrust Ramp-Up, Law 360 (October 25, 2022)

ABA Antitrust Law Section, Interlocking Directorates Handbook (2011)

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Sergei Zaslavsky, O'Melveny & Myers LLP

Some have expressed concerns over a lack of competition in the U.S. rail freight and passenger services markets. How the U.S. freight rail system works and is competition an issue in the sector? Dr. Russell Pittman, the Director of Economic Research in the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice, examines the state of competition in the freight rail sector with Barry Nigro and Anora Wang. We'll take a deep dive into the participants of the market, the competition concerns, the recent challenges, and high-level observations. Join us to learn more!

With special guest:

Dr. Russell Pittman, Director of Economic Research, Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice

Related Links:

Press Release, STB Issues Proposed Rule Regarding Reciprocal Switching for Inadequate Service (Sept. 7, 2023)

Press Release, Surface Transportation Board Adopts New Rules for Smaller Rate Disputes (Dec. 19, 2022)

Press Release, STB Approves CP/KCS Merger with Conditions and Extended Oversight Period (Mar. 15, 2023)

Hosted by:

Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

In September 2023, the Federal Trade Commission and 17 states filed a massive, landmark antitrust lawsuit against Amazon, alleging that Amazon engaged in anti-competitive and unfair practices to expand and maintain an illegal monopoly in two online markets, the market for marketplace services, where sellers buy services from Amazon, and the consumer-facing market for online superstores. The complaint focuses on two main theories: anti-discounting and tying Prime eligibility to Amazon's fulfillment services. Adam Kovacevich, Founder and CEO of Chamber of Progress, speaks about the potential consequences of this suit for antitrust enforcement, consumers, and other companies. Tune in to find out more about the complaint, its potential consequences for antitrust enforcement, consumers, and other firms competing in the online marketplace.

With special guest:

Adam Kovacevich, Founder and CEO, Chamber of Progress

Related Links:

FTC Sues Amazon for Illegally Maintaining Monopoly Power

Complaint

Amazon: The FTC?s lawsuit against Amazon would lead to higher prices and slower deliveries for consumers?and hurt businesses

Hosted by:

Jana Seidl, Baker Botts LLP and Barry Nigro, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP

On this episode of Our Curious Amalgam podcast - a special collaboration with the Antitrust Law Section's Women.Connected Committee - we explore the prevalence of sexual harassment in the legal profession, why it persists, and the damage it causes. With expert insight from Jane Pigott, we learn why sexual harassment isn't just a women's issue, discuss the consequences for the organizations and individuals involved, and highlight available resources and tool kits as well as what else we can do as a community to implement changes going forward. Tune in to learn more and to be part of the effort to end this pressing issue.

With special guest:

Jane Pigott, R3 Group LLC

Related Links:

Women Lawyers on Guard, Still Broken: Sexual Harassment and Misconduct in the Legal Profession

IBA, Bullying and Sexual Harassment in the Legal Profession

National Women?s Law Center, #metoowhatnext: Strengthening Workplace Sexual Harassment Protections and Accountability

Harvard Business Review, Why Sexual Harassment Programs Backfire And What to Do About it

ABA Commission on Women in the Profession, Zero Tolerance Program Toolkit

Forbes, ?What Was He Thinking?? Inside The Mind Of A Sexual Harasser

Hosted by:

Jana Seidl, Baker Botts LLP and Kellie Kemp, Co-Chair of Women.Connected

The European Union's Regulation on Foreign Subsidies Distorting the Internal Market is now in operation. What is happening in practice and how should companies prepare? Ulrich Soltész, partner at law firm Gleiss Lutz in Brussels, joins Matthew Hall and Derek Jackson to discuss the state of play under the FSR. Listen to this episode to learn more about the required notifications of certain mergers and public procurement procedures, ex officio investigations (including potentially into leading football/soccer teams), the substantive test, remedies, and the steps companies should be taking now to prepare.

With special guest:

Ulrich Soltész, Partner, Gleiss Lutz

Related Links:

European Commission website page for EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation

Hosted by:

Matthew Hall, Partner, McGuireWoods London LLP and Derek Jackson, Associate, Cohen & Gresser

The practice of personalized pricing has been empowered by advanced algorithms in the digital era. Relevant policy debates and lawsuits are on the rise in recent years in China. When is personalized pricing unlawful? Dr. Annie Xue, head of GEN Law Firm's compliance practice in China, joins Anora Wang and Lijun Zhang to discuss relevant policy debates and court litigations. Listen to this episode if you want to learn more about the legal framework, litigation landscape, and compliance tips involving personalized pricing in China.

With special guest:

Dr. Annie Xue, Partner, GEN Law Firm

Related Links:

European Parliament Study: Personalised pricing (2022)

?????????????? How much data control should consumers have? (Lecture video attached) (2022) (Chinese text + English webinar)

Hosted by:

Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP and Lijun Zhang, Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer LLP

Do AI algorithms have the ability to conspire and collude? Join us as we dive into the black box of algorithm pricing with Dr. Ai Deng, a principal in the consulting firm Charles River Associates. We will discuss the implications of AI technology on competition, two types of algorithmic collusion, and how AI approaches economic incentives. Don't miss this fascinating discussion about AI and pricing algorithms!

With special guest:

Dr. Ai Deng, Principal, Charles River Associates

Related Links:

Ai Deng, What Do We Know About Algorithmic Collusion Now? New Insights from the Latest Academic Research (2023)

Ai Deng & Cristián Hernández, Algorithmic Pricing in Horizontal Merger Review: An Initial Assessment, Antitrust, Vol. 36, No. 2 (Spring 2022)

Ai Deng, Algorithmic Collusion and Algorithmic Compliance: Risks and Opportunities, The Global Antitrust Institute Report on the Digital Economy 27 (2021)

Las Vegas hotels accused of rental price conspiracy in class action, Reuters (Jan. 26, 2023)

Algorithmic Price Fixing Leads to Antitrust Class Action Lawsuit, Natlawreview.com (Dec. 6, 2022)

Hosted by:

Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP and Panos Dimitrellos, Secretariat Economists

Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) are being called out for engaging in allegedly anticompetitive business practices that make prescription drugs less affordable. But do PBMs actually promote competition in the healthcare industry? In this episode, Professor Casey Mulligan, an economist and law professor at the University of Chicago, discusses what his research indicates could be the unintended adverse consequences of imposing transparency requirements and other regulatory burdens on PBMs. Listen to this episode to hear the arguments against targeting PBMs with restrictive legislation and enforcement proceedings as a means of reining in high drug prices.

With special guest:

Casey Mulligan, Professor of Economics, University of Chicago

Related Links:

Casey Mulligan, Ending Pay for PBM Performance: Consequences for Prescription Drug Prices, Utilization, and Government Spending (Sept. 2023)

Casey Mulligan, Testimony before Senate Committee on Commerce, Science & Transportation (Feb. 16, 2023)

Casey Mulligan, In Defense of Pharmacy Benefit Managers, Wall Street Journal Op-Ed (July 11, 2022)

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey and Jeny Maier

The role of antitrust in health care is a common topic in the antitrust world. But does health care quality play a big enough role in the discussion? Professor Theodosia Stavroulaki joins Jaclyn Phillips and Jeny Maier to discuss her new book, which focuses on the role of competition and quality in healthcare markets. Listen in to hear more about Professor Stavroulaki's compelling research.

With special guest:

Theodosia Stavroulaki, Assistant Professor of Law, Gonzaga University School of Law

Related Links:

Theodosia Stavroulaki, Mergers That Harm Our Health (Berkeley Business Law Journal)

Hosted by:

Jeny Maier, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP and Jaclyn Phillips, White & Case LLP

Microsoft's proposed acquisition of Activision Blizzard was controversially blocked in its original form by the UK Competition and Markets Authority. What was the CMA's rationale and how has the investigation played out since then? Bruce Kilpatrick, partner at Addleshaw Goddard LLP in London, joins Christina Ma and Matthew Hall to discuss the UK element of the worldwide merger control investigation into this case. Listen to this episode to learn more about the CMA's original investigation, the parties' appeal to the UK Competition Appeal Tribunal, the CMA's review of an amended transaction and the future of behavioral remedies in the UK.

With special guest:

Bruce Kilpatrick, Partner, Addleshaw Goddard LLP

Related Links:

UK Competition and Markets Authority Microsoft/Activision Blizzard merger case page (original transaction)
UK Competition and Markets Authority Microsoft/Activision Blizzard merger case page (amended transaction)
European Commission press release Microsoft/Activision Blizzard merger clearance
U.S. Federal Trade Commission press release challenge to Microsoft/Activision Blizzard merger
Summary of appeal application at UK Competition Appeal Tribunal (original transaction)
UK Competition Appeal Tribunal case page (original transaction)

Hosted by:

Christina Ma, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

Fiona Schaeffer, a prominent antitrust lawyer, has taken on the big job of leading the ABA Antitrust Law Section in 2023-24. In this episode, co-hosts Alicia Downey and Anora Wang interview Fiona about her goals for the year and the initiatives she is leading to explore the relationship between antitrust and consumer protection law and sustainability, as well as the impact of artificial intelligence on the law and the legal profession. Listen to this episode to get to know Fiona and, as a bonus, meet Anne Catherine Faye, the first economist appointed to serve in the important role of Counsel to the Chair.

With special guests:

Fiona Schaeffer, Milbank LLP and Anne Catherine Faye, Analysis Group

Related Links:

Upcoming ABA Antitrust Law Section events 

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

Bank failures in 2023 led to renewed interest in bank consolidation and debate over the role of antitrust in bank policy. But does this mean we can expect the DOJ Antitrust Division to change the way they are approaching bank mergers? Damian Didden, Partner at Wachtell, joins Jaclyn Phillips and Sergei Zaslavsky to explain the debate about bank consolidation and what we can glean from the Antitrust Division's statements about its approach to bank merger review. Tune in to learn more about whether you can bank on changes in this space.

With special guest:

Damian Didden, Partner, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz

Related Links:

Wachtell Comments on Revisions to the 1995 Banking Guidelines

Wachtell Lipton Criticizes Putting Politics in Bank Merger Antitrust Policy

Hosted by:

Jaclyn Phillips, White & Case LLP and Sergei Zaslavsky, O'Melveny & Myers

Private equity has been in the hot seat at the Federal Trade Commission and the Antitrust Division lately. Both agencies have increasingly expressed skepticism regarding PE buyers and owners, and have devoted more resources to investigating matters where PE parties are involved. But what exactly is PE? And how does it fit into the antitrust regulatory landscape? In this episode, co-hosts Elyse Dorsey and Jana Seidl speak with Sarahi Constantine Padilla, Senior Counsel at Warburg Pincus, about all-things private equity?and ask all the burning questions you might have been afraid to ask.

With special guest:

Sarahi Constantine Padilla, Senior Counsel at Warburg Pincus

Related Links:

U.S. v. UnitedHealth Group and Change Healthcare - Memorandum Opinion

FTC's Khan puts private equity 'on notice' that roll-up strategies could be illegal

Chair Lina Khan, Memorandum to Commission Staff and Commissioners

Hosted by:

Elyse Dorsey, Kirkland & Ellis LLP and Jana Seidl, Baker Botts LLP

Ten years ago, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its 5-3 decision in FTC v. Actavis, which held that the rule of reason should govern so-called "pay-for-delay" patent litigation settlement agreements between brand name and generic pharmaceutical manufacturers. In this episode, hosts Aaron Yeater and Alicia Downey talk to Kristen O'Shaughnessy and Dan Grossbaum about how the decision has shaped litigation in the years since and its implications for antitrust challenges in other industries. Listen to this episode to learn about the impact of the Actavis decision in the past ten years and in the future.

With special guests:

Kristen O'Shaughnessy, Partner, White & Case and Daniel Grossbaum, Associate, White & Case

Related Links:

FTC v. Actavis: Opinions and Oral Arguments

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Principal, Downey Law LLC and Aaron Yeater, Managing Principal, Analysis Group

Employment data is a critical component of the financial ecosystem?it?s required documentation if you want to rent or buy a home, purchase a car, apply for a new job, or get a loan. As digital technology is transforming the manner in which payroll information is collected and leveraged, we?re faced with important questions, the answers to which will shape the framework going forward. In this episode, we speak with Nick Lawson, General Counsel at Argyle, about all things employment data, including the current framework, what?s happening with the CFPB's rulemaking on personal financial data rights, and predictions for what might be ahead.

With special guest:

Nicholas Lawson, General Counsel, Argyle Systems Inc.

Related Links:

CFPB Newsroom - CFPB Kicks Off Personal Financial Data Rights Rulemaking

Argyle - Let?s Make Consumer Permissions Fundamental to Payroll Data

Hosted by:

Jana Seidl, Senior Associate, Baker Botts LLP and Elyse Dorsey, Partner, Kirkland & Ellis LLP

On July 19, 2023, the U.S. Department of Justice?s Antitrust Division and the Federal Trade Commission issued the long-awaited draft Merger Guidelines. How should you approach the draft guidelines? The DOJ Antitrust Division?s Deputy Assistant Attorney Generals Andy Forman and Michael Kades speak with Melissa Maxman and Anora Wang about the background, guiding principles, and some specific languages. Listen and engage in the constructive process of commenting on the guidelines.

With special guests:

Andrew Forman, Deputy Assistant Attorney General for the Antitrust Division, U.S. Department of Justice and Michael Kades, Deputy Assistant Attorney General for the Antitrust Division, U.S. Department of Justice

Related Links:

DOJ-FTC 2023 Draft Merger Guidelines (July 19, 2023)
"Look Mickey" by Roy Lichtenstein (National Gallery of Art)

Hosted by:

Melissa Maxman, Cohen & Gresser LLP and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

Antitrust cases are often complex and technical, which invites suspicion that such cases should be decided by specialists rather than generalist judges. Would a judge who is truly an antitrust expert think the same? The honorable Judge Douglas Ginsburg of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, speaks with Melissa Maxman and Anora Wang with the utmost candor and (at times) unexpected humor reflecting his decades of experiences, observations, and scholarship.

With special guests:

Judge Douglas Ginsburg, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit

Related Links:

Antitrust Courts: Specialists versus Generalists, 36 FORDHAM INT?L. L.J. 788 (2013) (with Joshua D. Wright)

Antitrust Courts: Specialists versus Generalists, 36 FORDHAM INT?L. L.J. 788 (2013) (with Joshua D. Wright) - alternate location

Hosted by:

Melissa Maxman, Cohen & Gresser LLP and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

Merger control and antitrust enforcement continues to expand around the world. Is MENA ahead of or behind the curve? Nicolas Bremer, partner at law firm Bremer, joins Matthew Hall and Jeny Maier to discuss developments in Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Listen to this episode to learn more about merger control and antitrust rules in those jurisdictions and gain practical knowledge of how the regimes really work there.

With special guest:

Nicolas Bremer, Partner, Bremer

Related Links:

Bremer law firm resources

Hosted by:

Matthew Hall, partner, McGuireWoods London LLP and Jeny Maier, partner, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP

The credit card industry has been the subject of increased antitrust scrutiny in recent years, even as consumer understanding of its inner workings remains low. But how did the American credit card system come to be, and are there changes for it on the horizon? Doug Kantor, General Counsel of the National Association of Convenience Stores, speaks with Christina Ma and Matt Reynolds about the history of credit and debit card payment systems, the ?swipe fees? on which those systems are built, and the justifications offered over the years for those fees. Tune in to learn more about the development of card payment systems in the United States and the antitrust considerations that continue to influence their development even today.

With special guest:

Doug Kantor, General Counsel, National Association of Convenience Stores

Related Links:

https://www.convenience.org/Advocacy/Issues/SwipeFees 
https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-bill/1838 

Hosted by:

Christina Ma, Partner, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz and Matthew Reynolds, Partner, Huth Reynolds LLP

The 2023 Annual Spring Meeting of the ABA Antitrust Law Section offered the Our Curious Amalgam team a chance to speak with competition law enforcers from around the world. In this episode, host Matthew Hall asks Olivier Guersent, Director-General of the Directorate-General for Competition of the European Commission (DG COMP), about what's been happening in the European Union since we interviewed him at the 2022 Spring Meeting. Listen and learn about DG COMP's current work, the most important anticipated developments of 2023, and what competition law policy and enforcement trends the Director-General sees on the horizon.

With special guest:

Olivier Guersent, Director-General, DG COMP, European Commission

Related Links:

EU Digital Markets Act
EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation
EU Horizontal Guidelines and Block Exemption
#165 What Say You? International Enforcers Live at Spring Meeting 2022

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Matthew Hall, McGuireWoods London LLP

The 2023 Annual Spring Meeting of the ABA Antitrust Law Section offered the Our Curious Amalgam team a chance to speak with international competition law enforcers from around the world. In this episode, we ask Matthew Boswell, Commissioner of the Canadian Competition Bureau, Alexandre Cordeiro Macedo, President of CADE in Brazil, and Dr. Chih-Min (Andy) Chen, Vice Chairperson of the Taiwan Fair Trade Commission, about their respective agencies' enforcement priorities, what trends they see on the horizon, and what advocates with matters before their agencies should do to be most effective. As a bonus, listeners will also get to know our distinguished guests a little better on a personal level.

With special guests:

Matthew Boswell, Commissioner of Competition, Competition Bureau Canada, Alexandre Cordeiro Macedo, President, Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE), and Dr. Chih-Min (Andy) Chen, Vice Chairperson, Taiwan Fair Trade Commission

Related Links:

Competition Bureau Canada
Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE)
Taiwan Fair Trade Commission

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP

On April 14, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its unanimous opinion in Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission, holding that parties contesting the agency's constitutionality may commence immediate collateral challenges in federal court. Will this decision prompt a host new of challenges to the FTC's authority? In this episode, co-hosts Elyse Dorsey and Jana Seidl speak with Nandu Machiraju, Partner at Baker McKenzie, about the Supreme Court?s recent decision and what it means for the FTC and for parties facing the prospect of FTC administrative enforcement.

With special guest:

Nandu Machiraju, Partner, Baker McKenzie

Related Links:

Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission

U.S. Chamber of Commerce: Supreme Court Hands Businesses a Big Win in Case Against FTC

Axon Enterprise, Inc. v. Federal Trade Commission Oral Argument

Hosted by:

Elyse Dorsey, Partner, Kirkland & Ellis LLP and Jana Seidl, Senior Associate, Baker Botts LLP

The current administration and leadership at the FTC, helmed by Chair Lina Khan, have been vocal about their desire to expand antitrust and consumer protection enforcement and to use all the tools in their enforcement and regulatory toolkit to address harms that they see as taking place across the economy. But are these new initiatives consistent with constitutional and administrative law principles? Matt Tabas, an experienced antitrust practitioner and former FTC attorney, joins Jeny Maier and Melissa Maxman to offer an overview of the challenges that the FTC is facing while it is seeking to flex its enforcement muscles. Listen to this episode to learn more about these threats to the FTC and how courts are likely to address them.

With special guest:

Matthew Tabas, Partner, Arnold & Porter

Hosted by:

Jeny Maier and Melissa Maxman

Legal textbooks have always been expensive but these days, the cost of a new commercially-published antitrust law casebook can range from $300 to $500. What if a high-quality casebook were available at little or no cost? With the support of the ABA Antitrust Law Section, NYU Law School Professors Christopher Sprigman and Daniel Francis recently completed the world?s first openly-licensed antitrust law casebook. Listen to this episode as they talk with co-hosts Alicia Downey and Sarah Zhang about this important project and whether eliminating the expense of traditional casebooks might lead to an increase in law students taking antitrust and potentially pursuing careers in the field.

With special guests:

Related Links:

Daniel Francis & Christopher Jon Sprigman, Antitrust Principles, Cases and Materials

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC and Sarah Zhang, Baker Botts L.L.P.

The 2023 Annual Spring Meeting of the ABA Antitrust Law Section offered the Our Curious Amalgam team a chance to speak with international competition law enforcers from around the world. In this episode, we ask Natalie Harsdorf-Borsch, acting director of the Austrian Federal Competition Authority, Laura Melusine Baudenbacher, president of the Swiss Competition Commission, and ?ar?nas Keserauskas, the then chairman of the Lithuanian Competition Council, about their respective agencies' enforcement priorities, what trends they see on the horizon, and what advocates with matters before their agencies should do to be most effective. As a bonus, listeners will also get to know our distinguished guests a little better on a personal level.

With special guests:

Natalie Harsdorf-Borsch, Acting Director, Austrian Federal Competition Authority, Dr. Laura Melusine Baudenbacher, President, Swiss Competition Commission, and ?ar?nas Keserauskas, Chairman, Lithuanian Competition Council (2011-2023)

Related Links:

Austrian Federal Competition Authority (Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde)
Swiss Competition Commission
Competition Council of the Republic of Lithuania (Konkurencijos taryba)

Hosted by:

Alicia Downey, Downey Law LLC, Anora Wang, Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP, Sergei Zaslavsky, O'Melveny & Myers LLP, and Jeny Maier, Axinn, Veltrop & Harkrider LLP